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Habib Tanvir
Habib Tanvir (1 September 1923 – 8 June 2009) was one of the most popular Indian Urdu, Hindi playwrights, a theatre director, poet and actor. He was the writer of plays such as, ''Agra Bazar'' (1954) and ''Charandas Chor'' (1975). A pioneer in Urdu, Hindi theatre, he was most known for his work with Chhattisgarhi tribals, at the Naya Theatre, a theatre company he founded in 1959 in Bhopal. He went on to include indigenous performance forms such as ''nacha'', to create not only a new theatrical language, but also milestones such as ''Charandas Chor'', ''Gaon ka Naam Sasural, Mor Naam Damad'' and ''Kamdeo ka Apna Basant Ritu ka Sapna''.〔(Habib Tanvir makes his final exit ) The Times of India, 9 June 2009.〕〔(Contemporary Theatre ) ''McGraw-Hill encyclopedia of world drama'', by Stanley Hochman, McGraw-Hill, inc. Published by Verlag für die Deutsche Wirtschaft AG, 1984. ISBN 0-07-079169-4. ''Page 42''.〕〔(Habib Tanvir ) ''The Columbia encyclopedia of modern drama'', by Gabrielle H. Cody, Evert Sprinchorn. Columbia University Press, 2007. ISBN 0-231-14424-5. ''Page 1330''〕
For him true "theatre of the people" existed in the villages, which he strived to bring to the urban "educated", employing both folk performers as actors alongside urban actors.〔(Habib Tanvir ) ''Theatres of independence: drama, theory, and urban performance in India since 1947'', by Aparna Bhargava Dharwadker. University of Iowa Press, 2005. ISBN 0-87745-961-4. ''Page 115''.〕 He died on 8 June 2009 at Bhopal after a three-week-long illness.〔(Noted playwright Habib Tanvir passes away at 85 ) Sify.com, 8 June 2009.〕〔(Indian playwright Tanvir is dead ) BBC News, 9 June 2009.〕 Upon his death, he was the last of pioneering actor-managers in Indian theatre, which included Sisir Bhaduri, Utpal Dutt and Prithviraj Kapoor,〔(A Farewell To The Bard Of Bhopal ) Tehelka, Vol 6, Issue 24, Dated 20 June 2009.〕 and often he managed plays with a mammoth cast, such as ''Charandas Chor'' which included an orchestra of 72 people on stage and ''Agra Bazaar'' with 52 people.〔(Doyen holds forth ) The Hindu, 5 May 2007.〕
During his lifetime he won several national and international awards, including the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award in 1969, Padma Shri in 1983, Kalidas Samman 1990, Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship in 1996, and the Padma Bhushan in 2002. Apart from that he had also been nominated to become a member of the Upper House of Indian Parliament, the Rajya Sabha (1972–1978). His play 'Charandas Chor' (Charandas, The Thief) won him the Fringe Firsts Award at Edinburgh International Drama Festival in 1982,〔(Naya Theatre and Habib Tanvir )〕 and in 2007, it was included in the Hindustan Times' list of 'India's 60 Best works since Independence which said : "an innovative dramaturgy equally impelled by Brecht and folk idioms, Habib Tanvir seduces across language barriers in this his all-time biggest hit about a Robin Hood-style thief" as .〔(India’s 60 best since Independence. ) 14 August 2007.〕
==Biography==
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